Fault Detection of Electrodes in Electrical Impedance Tomography Based on the Current-Voltage Reciprocity Principle

Hai Rong¹, Shangjie Ren^1*, Feng Dong¹

¹College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control Tianjin 300072, China

^*Email: Rensjie@tju.edu.cn

ABSTRACT

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique sensitive to changes in tissue electrical properties and is widely used for pulmonary monitoring. Electrode contact instability during patient movement can cause signal distortion and artifacts, leading to degraded image reconstruction quality. This study employs a fault detection method based on the current–voltage reciprocity principle, utilizing real-time boundary voltage data from a multi-channel EIT system to identify faulty electrodes. Experiments simulating electrode faults demonstrate that the method effectively detects and localizes electrode failures. The approach relies on standard EIT hardware and is suitable for dynamic monitoring scenarios.

Keywords: Electrical impedance tomography, electrode fault detection, current–voltage reciprocity