3rd World Congress on Industrial Process Tomography
Banff, Canada
2nd - 5th September 2003
ISBN: 978 0 853 16319 0
Overview I
Process Tomography and Particle Tracking: Research and Commercial Diagnostic Tool
E H Stitt, K JamesPage 2
Hardware I: Electrical Impedance Tomography
Best Value Design of Electrical Tomography Systems
D Georgakopoulos, W Q Yang, R C WaterfallPage 11
Prototype Hardware for Finite Element Modelling
M Komarudin, W R B Lionheart, T A YorkPage 20
A High Performance Online Data Processing EIT System
Y Ma, N Holliday, Y Dai, M Wang, R A Williams, G LucasPage 27
Towards Miniaturised Electrical Tomography Systems
T N Phua, L Sun, C Gregory, J Hatfield, T A YorkPage 33
Depth Profile Scanning of Cylindrical Bar and Wire Using a Spectroscopic Direct Current Injection Technique
S J Dickinson, R Binns, A J Peyton, W YinPage 39
A Specific Signal Conditioner for Electrical Impedance Tomography
Y Dai, Y Ma, M WangPage 45
A Modular, Adaptive Electrical Impedance Tomography System
T Savolainen, L M Heikkinen, M Vauhkonen, J P KaipioPage 50
An Electrical-Impedance Tomography System for Collecting Validation-Quality Data from Gas-Solid Flows
P R Tortora, S L Ceccio, W W Schultz, T J O?Hern, J R Torczynski, S M TrujilloPage 56
A Powerful Computational DSP Module for Multiphase Flow Measurement
N Holliday, Y Ma, M WangPage 62
Software I: Hard-Field Techniques
Perspective in Data Fusion Between X-ray Computed Tomography and Electrical Capacitance Tomography in an Absorption Column
D Toye, G L?Homme, M Crine, P MarchotPage 68
Advances in Automatic Evaluation of 3D-CT Data
S Oeckl, U Hassler, T Wenzel, M Maisl, R HankePage 74
Image Reconstruction Algorithms for High-Speed Chemical Species Tomography
C A Garcia-Stewart, N Polydorides, K B Ozanyan, H McCannPage 80
Automatic Weight Matrix Generation for Gamma-ray Tomography
R Maad, G A JohansenPage 86
Quality Improvements for Cone-Beam CT Using Beam Hardening and Scattering Correction
S Kasperl, M Franz, R Hanke, U Hassler, S SchröpferPage 90
High-Energy Gamma-ray Tomography in the Nuclear Industry
B A Cattle, L Elliott, A S Fellerman, D B Ingham, D Lesnic, R M WestPage 96
Characterisation of the Correction Map for an OFAPT Sensor with Fibre Receivers
K B Ozanyan, H McCannPage 102
A Source Model for Optical Diffusion Tomography
T Vilhunen, V Kolehmainen, M Vauhkonen, J P KaipioPage 110
Industrial Inspection and Measurement Processes Using Micro Computer Tomography
N BlessingPage 115
Applications I: Model Validation with Tomographic Data
Phase Distribution in a High Pressure Slurry Bubble Column Via Computed Tomography
A Shaikh, N Rados, M Al-DahhanPage 121
An Experimental and Simulation Study of the Hydrodynamics of a Linear Low Density Polyethylene
L Schober, I Hulme, B Chandrasekaran, A KantzasPage 128
Potential of Combined Macro- and Micro-Scale Tomography to Monitor Multiphase Viscous Fluid Mixing
L Ruffino, T A York, R Mann, G Tiddy, O Tadthong, P Bonnet, B D GrievePage 134
Visualisation of Air Bubbles by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
F Heese, P Robson, L HallPage 140
Tomographic Analysis of Flocs and Flocculating Suspensions
C Selomulya, X Jia, R A WilliamsPage 145
Quantitation of Heating of Foods Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
K Nott, L HallPage 152
Monitoring of Air Bubbles in Pulp Flow based on Electrical Impedance Tomography
S Zhou, J HalttunenPage 157
Flow Distribution in Countercurrent Flow Structured Packing Bed via Computed Tomography
S Roy, M H Al-Dahhan, M P Dudukovic, T B Skourlis, F M DautzenbergPage 163
Overview II
Monte Carlo Simulation for Radiation Tomography
R P GardnerPage 169
Hardware II: Hard-Field
Semiconductor Quantum Devices for Optical Tomography
K B OzanyanPage 171
Scattered Gamma Radiation Utilised for Level Measurements in Gravitational Separators
M B Holstad, G A Johansen, P Jackson, K S EidsnesPage 181
Multiphase Flow Regime Identification by Multibeam Gamma-ray Densitometry - Experimental Results
S A Tjugum, G A Johansen, O A IversenPage 187
Element Specific X-ray Tomography at the 15 MeV Electron Linac
B Masschaele, M Dierick, L VanhoorebekePage 193
Near Infra-red Tomography for Concentration Measurements of Exhausting Water Vapour of a Packed Bed Adsorber
K Salem, D Mewes, E TsotsasPage 199
Development and Implementation of Gamma-ray Tomography for Field Applications
M W Darwood, M Davies, D Godden, P Jackson, K James, E H StittPage 207
Quasi-3D Modelling of Electromagnetic Wave Scattering of Dielectric Objects for Microwave Tomography
J Hu, Z Wu, H McCann, L E DavisPage 213
Optimisation of the Signal to Noise Performance of Photodiode Receivers in Near- infrared Absorption
P Wright, K B Ozanyan, S J Carey, H McCannPage 219
Software II: Electrical and Magnetic Imaging
Spatial-temporal Modelling for Electrical Impedance Imaging of a Mixing Process
R M West, S Meng, R G Aykroyd, R A WilliamsPage 226
Non Iterative Inversion Method for Electrical Resistance, Capacitance and Inductance Tomography for Two Phase Materials
A Tamburrino, G Rubinacci, M Soleimani, W R B LionheartPage 233
Sensitivity Analysis of 3D Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT)
W R B Lionheart, M Soleimani, A J PeytonPage 239
Optimal Control in Process Tomography
A R Ruuskanen, A Seppänen, S Duncan, E Somersalo, J P KaipioPage 245
Image Reconstruction in 3D Magnetic Induction Tomography using a FEM Forward Model
M Soleimani, W R B Lionheart, A J Peyton, X MaPage 252
MERIT - A New Magneto-electrical Resistivity Imaging Technique: Part 1, Modeling and Tomographic Reconstruction
A Kemna, A Tillmann, A Verweerd, E Zimmermann, H VereeckenPage 256
MERIT - A New Magneto-electrical Resistivity Imaging Technique: Part 2, Magnetic Sensors and Instrumentation
E Zimmermann, A Verweerd, W Glaas, A Tillmann, A KemnaPage 262
A Quantitative Algorithm for Parameter Estimation in Magnetic Induction Tomography
R Casanova Luis, A F da Silva, A R BorgesPage 268
Forward Problem in 3D Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT)
M Soleimani, W R B Lionheart, C H Riedel, O DösselPage 275
Applications II: Flow Measurements
A Novel Tomographic Flow Analysis System
A Hunt, J D Pendleton, R B WhitePage 281
Volumetric Flow Rates from Impedance Tomography in Oil/Gas Flows
G FehmersPage 287
Development of a Signal Prediction Based ECT-System for Precise Flow Velocity Measurement
A Fuchs, B BrandstätterPage 293
Application of Electrical Resistance Tomography to Two-Phase Flow and Void Fraction Measurement
F Dong, X T Qiao, Z X Jiang, L A XuPage 299
The Use of Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) to Monitor Flow Patterns in Horizontal Slurry Transport Pipelines
A D Pachowko, M Wang, C Poole, D RhodesPage 305
Non-invasive Imaging of Pressure-driven Suspension Flows with Electrical Resistance Tomography
J T Norman, H V Nayak, R T BonnecazePage 312
Acoustical Tomographic Imaging of Flow Fields
P Holstein, R Müller, A Raabe, M Barth, D Mackenzie, K Arnold, A Ziemann, M SchatzPage 318
Application of Optical Tomography for Measurement of Small Gas Flows
M R Rząsa, A PląskowskiPage 324
3D Presentation of Images with Capacitance Tomography
H G Wang, S Liu, F Jiang, W Q YangPage 331
Overview III
Computed Tomography Applications for the Oil and Gas Industry
L TomutsaPage 337
Hardware III: Electromagnetic Inductance
A State of the Art Review of Electromagnetic Tomography
H S Tapp, A J PeytonPage 340
Numerical Simulation of Eddy Current Losses in High Frequency Magnetic Field Water Fraction Meters
E A Hammer, F Pettersen, A NødsethPage 347
Characterising the Effects of the External Electromagnetic Shield on a Magnetic Induction Tomography Sensor
A J Peyton, S Watson, R J Williams, H Griffiths, W GoughPage 352
A 3D Imaging System for Measuring the Shape and Volume of the Human Body
W A Wan-Daud, H S Tapp, C Ktistis, A J PeytonPage 358
Understanding the Coupling Mechanisms in High Frequency EMT
D Goss, R O Mackin, E Crescenzo, H S Tapp, A J PeytonPage 364
Optimizing the Spatial Sensitivity Response of a New Current Sensor Constructed with a Printed Coil Array
A Salisbury, A J Peyton, A DytchPage 370
Development of Electromagnetic Inductance Tomography (EMT) Hardware for Determining Human Body Composition
D Goss, R O Mackin, E Crescenzo, H S Tapp, A J PeytonPage 377
A Combined Digital Camera - EMT System to Measure Human Body Composition
H S Tapp, D Goss, R O Mackin, E Crescenzo, W A Wan-Daud, C Ktistis, A J PeytonPage 384
Software III: Electrical Capacitance I
Development of 3-Dimensional Electrical Capacitance Tomography Based on Neural Network Multi-criterion Optimization Image Reconstruction
W Warsito, L-S FanPage 391
A Comparison of the Mutual Energy Concept with an Adjoint State Approach for Jacobian Calculation in ECT
B Brandstätter, B KortschakPage 397
On-line Iterative Image Reconstruction for ECT
S Liu, L Fu, W Q Yang, H G Wang, F JiangPage 403
Image Reconstruction in Process Tomography Using Hierarchical Self-organising Maps
D Benchebra, P V S Ponnapalli, R DeloughryPage 409
A Fast Gauss-Newton Based ECT Algorithm with Automatic Adjustment of the Regularization Parameter
G Holler, D Watzenig, B BrandstätterPage 415
A Hybrid Iterative Algorithm for Electrical Capacitance Tomography
T Dyakowski, M Rutkowski, D SaksonPage 421
An Interpretation of the Linear Back-Projection Algorithm Used in Capacitance Tomography
J C Gamio, C Ortiz-AlemanPage 427
Applications III: Tomography for Design of Heat and Mass Transfer Equipment
Measurement of Acid-Base Neutralisation Reactions by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
S Evans, L HallPage 433
Gamma Tomography System For Determination of Solids Loading in Gas-Solid Flows: Comparison with Axial Pressure Gradient Method
T J O’Hern, S M Trujillo, P R TortoraPage 438
Measurement of Liquid and Gas Flow Distribution in a Fixed Bed Reactor Using a Gamma-ray Tomographic System
A Koudil, C Boyer, Y BentolilaPage 445
Study of Stirred Tank Reactor Hydrodynamics Using Positron Emission Particle Tracking
R P Fishwick, E H Stitt, J M WinterbottomPage 451
Measurement of Particle Separation by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
F Heese, L HallPage 457
Using X-ray Microtomography to Improve the Characterisation of Catalyst Pore Structure
L Ruffino, R Mann, R Oldman, E H Stitt, E Boller, P Cloetens, M DiMichiel, J MerinoPage 462
Quantitation of Fluid Flow Through Medical Devices Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
F Heese, L HallPage 468
The Use of Inductance Spectroscopy to Image the Conductivity Distribution of a Layered Conductor
W Yin, S J Dickinson, A J PeytonPage 472
Study of Solids Distribution and Permeability of Extruded Samples Using X-ray Micro- Tomography
N Gopinathan, X Jia, R A Williams, E H StittPage 479
Overview IV
Applications of Electric Potential (Displacement Current) Sensors in Human Body Electrophysiology
C J Harland, T D Clark, R J PrancePage 485
Hardware IV: Electrical Modalities
Towards Wireless Impedance Tomography Systems
T A York, D Belabdi, A Burnett-Thompson, D Emiroglu, O Egbetola, L McCulloch, S Savvides, W Q YangPage 491
Electromagnetic Geotomography - Frequency Selection
A Prałat, R ZdunekPage 498
The Design of a 1000 Frames/Second ERT Data Capture System and Calibration Techniques Employed
A J Wilkinson, E W Randall, D Durrett, T Naidoo, J J CilliersPage 504
Tomometric Approach Using Multi Sensor Data Fusion in Particle Segregation Studies
U Datta, V Mathiesen, S MylvaganamPage 510
A Study on the Characterization of Air-water Two-phase Vertical Flow by Using Electrical Resistance Imaging
Y Wu, H Li, M Wang, R A WilliamsPage 516
2½D Temperature Mapping: The Tomographic “Blanket”
S Garcia C, K B OzanyanPage 522
Software IV: General Imaging
Image Reconstruction for Process Tomography Using Sampled Pattern Matching Method
M Takei, H Li , M Ochi, Y Saito, K HoriiPage 528
Virtual Channel Concept for Measuring Solids Mass Flow Rate
T Dyakowski, V Mosorov, D Sankowski, M Seaton, Ł Mazurkiewicz, K Grudzień, A JaworskiPage 535
An Experimental Evaluation of the State Estimation with Fluid Dynamical Models in Process Tomography
A Seppänen, L Heikkinen, T Savolainen, E Somersalo, J P KaipioPage 541
Research on the Pixel-pixel Cross Correlation for the Velocity Distribution Measurement of Two-phase Flow
X Deng, L H Peng, D Y Yao, B F ZhangPage 547
Multigrid Implementation of Some Regularized Image Reconstruction Methods for Limited-Data Tomography
R Zdunek, A PrałatPage 553
Image Reconstruction for Pressure Filtration Using EIDORS 3D
T A York, Ł Mazurkiewicz, N Polydorides, R Mann, B GrievePage 559
Generic Reality Visualisation Models Through Fusion of Process Tomography Sensor Data
B S Hoyle, X Jia, X Z Wang, R A WilliamsPage 565
Octopus, a Fast and User-friendly Tomography Reconstruction Package Developed in LabView
M Dierick, B Masschaele, L Van HoorebekePage 571
Applications IV: Tomography for Particulate Processes
Positron Emission Tomography Applied to Fluidization Engineering
C Dechsiri, F Van de Wiel, H G Dehling, A M J Paans, A C HoffmannPage 577
Observation of 3-D Structure of Bubbles in a Fluidized Catalyst Bed
T Kai, M Misawa, T Kanda, T Takahashi, I Tiseanu, N IchikawaPage 583
Fast Computed Tomographic Imaging within Turbulent Fluidised Beds
P R P Bruneau, R F Mudde, T H J J van der HagenPage 589
Tracking Individual Particles in a Fluidized Bed Using a Medical PET-Camera
A C Hoffmann, C Dechsiri, F van de Wiel, A Ghione, H G Dehling, A M J PaansPage 595
Computational Modelling of Packed Bed Systems
N Gopinathan, M Fairweather, X Jia, R A WilliamsPage 601
Use of ERT in a Geotechnical Centrifuge
F K Günzel, C J Fyfe, M C R DaviesPage 607
In Situ Electrical Impedance Imaging of Paste During Extrusion Revealing Structure of Extrudate
R M West, D M Scott, G Sunshine, J Kostuch, L Heikkinen, R Hou, R A WilliamsPage 613
Overview V
Electrical Impedance Imaging
D Issaacson, J Newell, G SaulnierPage 619
Hardware V: Electrical Capacitance Tomography
Transient Analysis of the AC-based Capacitance Measuring Circuit for Tomography
A Gonzalez-Nakazawa, J C Gamio, W Q YangPage 624
A New High-Speed Control Interface for an Electrical Capacitance Tomography System
M Byars, J D Pendleton, D GoodevePage 631
A Parallel Measurement Strategy for Electrical Capacitance Tomography
G Lu, L H Peng, B F ZhangPage 637
Capacitance Tomography for Dynamic Process Imaging
P Brzeski, J Mirkowski, T Olszewski, A Pląskowski, W Smolik, R SzabatinPage 642
Parallel Realisation of the Linear Back-projection Algorithm for Capacitance Tomography Using TMS320C6701 Digital Signal Processors
D F Garcia-Nocetti, J C Gamio, L A AguilarPage 648
Software V: Electrical Imaging
Time-varying Electrical Impedance Tomography with IMM Scheme
K Y Kim, S I Kang, B S Kim, M C Kim, S KimPage 654
The Mathematical Formulation of the State Evolution Equation in Electrical Process Tomography
H K PikkarainenPage 660
The Combination of Principal Component Analysis with Neural Network as a Highly Efficient 3D EIT Solution
M Stasiak, K Siwek, R Sikora, S F Filipowicz, J SikoraPage 664
Estimating Shapes and Free Surfaces with Electrical Impedance Tomography
O-P Tossavainen, M VauhkonenPage 671
Enhancement of Electrical Impedance Tomography Images for the Binary Mixture System
M C Kim, S Kim, K Y KimPage 677
Statistical Inversion Approach for Optimizing Current Patterns in EIT
J P Kaipio, A Seppänen, E Somersalo, H HaarioPage 683
Adjoint Formulations in Impedance Imaging
N Polydorides, W R B LionheartPage 689
Simultaneous Reconstruction of the Boundary Shape and Conductivity in 2D Electrical Impedance Tomography
M Soleimani, R Sadleir, K Jersey-WilluhnPage 695
Applications V: Process Control and Imaging
Application of Electrical Resistance Tomography Technology to Pharmaceutical Processes
F Ricard, C Brechtelsbauer, C Lawrence, Y Xu, A PannierPage 701
Characterization and Analysis of Copper Heap Leaching by X-ray Computed Tomographic Techniques
J D Miller, C L Lin, C Roldan, C GarciaPage 707
Quantitation of the function of a Biofilm Reactor by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
K Nott, F Heese, M Paterson-Beedle, L Macaskie, L HallPage 713
Characterization of Liquid-feed Injection Phenomena In Process Engineering By Using Dual-energy X-ray Tomography
M Strabel, K E WirthPage 718
Identification of Cracks in Copper Mines by Bell Functions Approximation in Electrical Impedance Tomography
R Sikora, J Sikora, S F Filipowicz, Z Giza, M StasiakPage 724
Moisture Profiles Determination During Convective Drying Using X-ray Microtomography
A Léonard, S Blacher, P Marchot, J-P Pirard, M CrinePage 730
Imaging the Flow Profile of Molten Steel Through a Submerged Pouring Nozzle
X Ma, A J Peyton, R Binns, S R HigsonPage 736
Hardware VI: Development of Sensor Systems
Scattering Effects as Imaging Signals for (Neutron) Tomography
W Treimer, M Strobl, A Hilger, U Feye-TreimerPage 743
Monitoring of High Pressure Separation of Real Hydrocarbon/Water Mixtures by Single Electrode Capacitance Probes
R B Schüller, K Olsen, M Halleraker, B EngebretsenPage 750
Development of a Virtual Instrument System for Industrial Process Tomography
R Deloughry, I Davenport, X Ma, P V S PonnapalliPage 756
Characterisation of Heterogeneous Mixtures by Using Thick-film Ultrasonic Transducers
T Dyakowski, J Hale, A Jaworski, N White, N Harris, A Nowakowski, G Meng, S RwifaPage 761
Process Tomography System by Electrostatic Charge of Particles
M Machida, B ScarlettPage 767
Software VI: Electrical Capacitance II
Near-Infrared (NIR) Tomography for Breast Cancer Imaging
B W Pogue, K D PaulsenPage 773
Using Functional Analysis for Understanding Complex 3D Processes
D Sankowski, V Mosorov, K Grudzień, A Pląskowski, A JaworskiPage 782
Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Half Space: Locating Obstacles by Electrostatic Measurements on the Boundary
B SchappelPage 788
Application of Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithms to the Reconstruction of Electrical Permittivity Images in Capacitance Tomography
C Ortiz-Alemán, R Martin, J C Gamio, A NicolasPage 794
Spline Smoothing Algorithms for Improving Capacitance Tomography Image Reconstruction
A GrebennikovPage 800
Applications VI: Electrical Tomography for Imaging Industrial Processes
Process Compliant Electrical Impedance Instrumentation for Wide Scale Exploitation on Industrial Vessels
B D Grieve, J L Davidson, R Mann, W R B Lionheart, T A YorkPage 806
Flow Distribution and Velocity Measurement in a Radial Flow Fixed Bed Reactor Using Electrical Resistance Tomography
G T Bolton, C W Hooper, R Mann, E H StittPage 813
Flow Uniformity in a Model Digester Measured with Electrical Resistance Tomography
D S Vlaev, C P J BenningtonPage 821
Development of an Eddy Current System for Monitoring Taphole Operations
J A Coveney, A J Peyton, A K Kyllo, M H Pham, N B GrayPage 828
On Reconciling Tomographic Measurements with a Fluid Mixing Model for Semi-Batch Operation of a Stirred Vessel
S J Stanley, H V Hristov, R Mann, K PrimrosePage 834
Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography to Investigate Gas Solid Contacting
R B WhitePage 840
Late Papers
High-Speed Capacitance Scanner
J Frounchi, F DehkhodaPage 846
High-Speed Capacitance Measuring System For Process Tomography
J Frounchi, A-R Bazzazi, K Ebnabbasi, K HosseiniPage 853
High Resolution Rotary Electrical Capacitance Tomography System
J Frounchi, A-R BazzaziPage 858
A Novel Image Reconstruction Algorithm for Electrical Capacitance Tomography Based on Variational Methods and Green?s Functions
A Fraguela, J Oliveros, S GomezPage 864
Density Profiling in Multiphase Systems Using Gamma Ray Absorption
M Darwood, K James, P Jackson, P HewittPage 870